Focus Question: How are mountains important to people’s lives and how do human activities affect mountain environments?
Content Summary
The part of the earth which we know a lot about is called the crust
The earth is made up of about 71% water and 29% land. The percentage water include oceans (which are the largest sheets of water, and surround the continents), seas, rivers, lakes and ponds. The 29% land include continents and landforms.
THE CONTINENTS
These are the largest landmasses of the world.
These are seven in number, namely:
Asia
Europe
Antarctica
Australia
Africa
North America
South America
The largest continent is Asia. The smallest of the continent is Australia. This continent is called the Island Continent because it is surrounded by water.
You may watch this video clip to glean more information about the continents.
Open this link and correctly label the oceans by dragging the mouse over the continents.
WATER BODIES
These include oceans, seas, lake, seas, ponds, etc..
The oceans are the largest of the water bodies. these surround the largest landmasses; the continents.
There are five oceans of the world. They are:
Indian Ocean,
Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Southern Ocean
Arctic Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean.
You can watch this video clip to glean additional information on water bodies.
View this video clip for additional information .
View this video clip for additional information .
Open this link below and drag the mouse to label the continents and oceans.
EVALUATION:
1. Follow the given direction and correctly name the oceans.
http://www.softschools.com/social_studies/continents/map.jsp
2. Complete the chart below.
CONTINENTS
|
MAIN MOUNTAIN RANGE
|
HIGHEST PEAK
|
COUNTRY WHERE PEAK IS LOCATED
|
AFRIA
|
|||
ANTARCTICA
|
|||
ASIA
|
|||
AUSTRALIA
|
|||
EUROPE
|
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NORTH AMERICA
|
ROCKY MOUNTAINS
|
MT. McKINLEY
|
ALASKA
|
SOUTH AMERICA
|
1. (a) The Andes are Fold Mountains in
_________________________.
2. (b) Mount Everest is to Asia as Mount McKinley is to
_____________________.
3. (c) Which continent and mountain range are
incorrectly matched?
(a)
North America………. Rocky Mountain
(b)
South America ……….Andes
(c)
Asia ……………………….Himalayas
(d)
Europe …………………..Great Dividing Range
WHY ARE HIGHLANDS IMPORTANT TO US IN JAMAICA?
Mountains are very important to us. They serve many functions. Some of these include:
- provide habitat for flora (plant species) and fauna (animal species).
- they are sources of water. (The rivers in Jamaica start in the mountains)
- they are watershed areas
- they help to maintain moisture in the air
- they are sources of minerals
- they provide utility poles, and lumber
- these areas are suitable for growing our coffee, cocoa and strawberry which are of great economic value to the Jamaican economy
- in Jamaica, tourists love to hike in the Blue Mountain which is the highest mountain in Jamaica.
- influence rainfall
- act as wind breakers in the event of hurricane
Read the following for additional information.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuvy4nLtWk4
Uses of mountains.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuvy4nLtWk4
EVALUATION:
1. Complete the chart below.
IMPORTANCE OF HIGHLANDS
ACTIVITIES
|
GOODS PRODUCED
|
SERVICES CARRIED OUT
|
1. 2. Which recreational activity would most likely
take place in the Blue Mountains?
(a)
Fishing
(b) swimming (c) Boating (d) hiking
Justify your answer. _________________________________________________________
2. 3.Why are the Blue Mountains cooler than the Bull
Head Mountains?
a.
The Blue Mountains are on the cooler side of the
country.
b.
The Blue Mountains receive snow regularly
c.
The Blue Mountains are higher than the Bull Head
Mountains
d.
The Bull Head Mountains are higher than the Blue
Mountains
3. 4. Define the term watershed.
______________________________________________________________________________
4.
5. 5. Which would NOT be a reason for growing coffee
in the Blue Mountain?
¡ Coffee grows best in highland areas
¡The area has lower temperatures
¡The area experiences plenty rainfall and the area is well drained
¡The area has higher temperatures
5. 6. By what process do trees contribute to the water
cycle?
a.
Deforestation
b. photosynthesis c.
transpiration d. reforestation
6. 7. David was asked to provide Shawn with
information about the benefits of highlands. Which of the following would David
not provide to Shawn?
Natural habitats ¡
Powers the water cycle ¡
Promotes tourism ¡
Blocks rainfall ¡
7. 8. Which type of rainfall is associated with
highlands?
Relief rainfall (b) Convectional Rainfall (c) Icy rainfall (d) HurricaneHUMAN IMPACT ON HIGHLANDS
Lesson Topic: Mountain environments and human activities
Content Summary
Landforms are natural features of the Earth. There are different formations on the earth which occur naturally. Some areas are high while others are low. These natural features may be seen on a special type of map known as a relief or physical map. How high the land is above the level of the sea determines the type of landform that is present.
Both climate and weather are influenced by hilly or mountainous areas. Trees influence rainfall. Rainfall is one element of weather that is affected by forest areas in Jamaica’s highlands.
Humans utilize the natural resources available to satisfy their basic needs. While satisfying these needs, human may negatively affect the natural environment. Deforestation is one way in which highlands are negatively affected. Farming on slopes can negatively affect the environment. This is so because it loosens the soil along the slopes which makes it easier for the land to become eroded.
As you will remember from past lesson on the economic activities of the mountain, these include: burning charcoal, cutting of trees for lumber, cultivation and hiking.
There are many adverse effects of doing some of these activities in spite of the fact that they bring economic gain. Some of these include:
- landslide
- loss of habitat
- reduction in rainfall
You can watch this video clip to glean more information.
Examine the chart below to see how we can protect our highlands.
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
|
IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
|
HUMAN INTERVENTION
|
Farming on slopes-crops eg. Bananas, coffee, etc
|
Landslides/evidence of past landslides
|
Terracing
|
Cutting down trees-charcoal burning
|
Destruction of habitat for animals
|
Replanting
|
Settlement/house/shops
|
Landslides/evidence of past landslides
|
Retaining wall
|
EVALUATION
1. 1. What are forest reserves?
2. 2. Why are forests reserves important in a country?
3. 3. Tim is of the opinion that forests are not
important to our country. Write a paragraph that you would like to share with
him to prove otherwise.
4. Where in Jamaica can some of these watersheds found?
5. How are watershed areas protected?
4
4. Where in Jamaica can some of these watersheds found?
5. How are watershed areas protected?
4
4.
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